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清華大學(xué)建筑學(xué)院的大三課設(shè)!“漂浮的立方體”+“像素化漸變鏡面表皮”打造高靈活性的可變空間,可持續(xù)技術(shù)重建北京圖書大廈!

 LAC_STUDIO 2024-12-26 發(fā)布于浙江
目前就讀于清華大學(xué)建筑學(xué)院的
李孟哲和張皓同學(xué)
分享他們的三年級城市綜合體課程設(shè)計項目
《結(jié)廬在人境》
<Books above Bustles>


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先來看下高清效果圖和實體模型吧~

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作者按:

我們的項目“結(jié)廬在人境”城市綜合體位于長安大街和西單繁忙的交匯點上,呈現(xiàn)為一個漂浮在城市景觀之上的立方體,通過像素化的漸變鏡面表皮與城市天際線融為一體。三個區(qū)分明顯的體量分別包含了當前北京圖書大廈、教育、書籍和辦公室的混合功能,位于體量之間的由城市舞臺、山丘、花園和游樂場組成的可變空間則具有高度的靈活性,營造了一個充滿活力的社區(qū)環(huán)境。

Our project, Books above Bustles features a cube floating above an urban landscape at the bustling node of Chang’an Avenue and Xidan Street, with a pixelated mirror fa?ade that blends into the city skyline. Three distinct volumes house the compartmentalized hybrid programs of the current Beijing Books Building, education, books and offices, with highly flexible in-between spaces consisting of urban stages, hills, gardens, and playgrounds, fostering a vibrant community environment.



設(shè)計背景

北京圖書大廈目前面臨的問題與所有圖書館一樣,當代的圖書館正在演變?yōu)橐詧D書為中心的堡壘,其公共與開放的空間變得擁擠不堪,效率低下?,F(xiàn)在的北京圖書大廈未能明確混合在其中的功能,確保足夠的可達性,并保持閱讀區(qū)的寧靜。

由于胡同和長安大街之間的連通性差,還擾亂了行人流線和地下交通通道。黑暗、壓抑的內(nèi)部空間阻擋了綠色植物、新鮮空氣和陽光進入建筑的可能性,使建筑無法向外部的城市環(huán)境傳達充滿活力的公共活動。因此,我們的提案重新詮釋了北京圖書大廈所扮演的角色,使得內(nèi)部的寧靜遠離城市喧囂,同時還與北京充滿活力的城市生活融為一體。立方體沿長安街保持街道界面的連貫,并創(chuàng)造出漂浮結(jié)構(gòu)的錯覺。

Addressing the current issues faced by the Beijing Books Building, contemporary libraries are evolving into book-centric fortresses with generic spaces that become overcrowded and ineffective. The existing Beijing Books Building fails to clarify hybrid functions, ensure adequate accessibility, and maintain the tranquility of reading zones. It also disrupts pedestrian flow and subway access due to poor connectivity between the hutong and the avenue. The dark, oppressive interior blocks the ingress of greenery, fresh air, and sunlight, isolating the building from conveying the vibrant activities to the city. Therefore, our proposal reinterprets the role of Beijing Books Building, keeping the tranquility away from the city bustles as well as integrating with the vibrant urban life in Beijing. Our cube maintains coherence along the avenue, creating the illusion of a floating structure.


前期調(diào)研


從場地層面來看,三種主要的城市氛圍定義了我們的項目。

在南側(cè),長安街代表著北京最莊嚴、雄偉和宏大的城市形象。

在北側(cè),以胡同為代表的老城肌理匯聚在一起,引入北京市中心當?shù)鼐用竦姆比A生活。

西側(cè),西單更新場為場地注入了充滿活力和豐富多彩的商業(yè)氛圍。值得注意的是,貝聿銘設(shè)計的中國銀行大樓創(chuàng)造了一個由城市綠洲和建筑群體塑造的連續(xù)城市景觀序列。面向東面的則是故宮紫禁城的歷史景觀。

Three main urban atmospheres define our project site. To the south, Chang’an Avenue represents Beijing's most solemn, majestic, and grand urban image. To the north, the hutongs converge, bringing the bustling life of Beijing's heartlanders, or local residents. To the west, The New injects the site with vibrant and colorful commercial atmosphere. Notably, the New and China Bank create a sequential urban scenery with an oasis and architectural backdrop. And facing to the east side is the historical view from the forbidden city.

我們從顏色、亮度、材料天際線形態(tài)等方面考察了長安街沿線建筑的立面。這些城市要素指導(dǎo)了我們的設(shè)計如何在外觀上與街道界面和諧相處,以及如何用這個漂浮的立方體重新定義長安街連續(xù)、莊嚴的天際線。

此外,我們考慮了這些建筑立面形成的開放式街道空間對整個長安街的影響,這使得我們想到完全解放城市生活的首層平面,讓北側(cè)的社區(qū)綠地流入建筑。

We examined the facades of buildings along Chang'an Avenue in terms of colour, brightness, material, and skyline. These elements guided how our design responds harmoniously with street interface in its external appearance and how it redefines the continuous, solemn skyline of Chang'an Avenue with this floating cube. Additionally, we considered the impact of the open street space formed by the facades of these buildings on the entire Chang'an Avenue, leading us to completely liberate the ground level for urban life and allow the northern community green space to flow into the building.


體塊的向上提升解放了底層,擺脫了非黑即白的圖底關(guān)系,而隨著城市首層的延續(xù),促進了長安街和胡同區(qū)域之間的流暢過渡。這重新定義了步行者的活動流線,增強了公共可達性和互動性。我們采取景觀驅(qū)動的方法,以一座流入建筑的山丘和室內(nèi)花園確保圖書建筑不僅是一個獨立的結(jié)構(gòu),而是社區(qū)參與和互動的中心。


Elevating the cube liberates the ground floor, breaking away from the black-and-white rigidity, and facilitating a fluid transition between Chang’an Avenue and the hutong area as the city layer continues. This redefines pedestrian flow and enhances public accessibility and interaction. The landscape-driven approach features a hill flowing into the building and indoor gardens, ensuring that the book building is not just a standalone structure but a hub for community engagement and interaction.

設(shè)計過程

形態(tài)研究與功能策劃


在功能層面,我們將目前北京圖書大廈的混合功能分為三個不同的飄浮體量,分別用于教育、圖書閱覽和辦公,并分層排列以實現(xiàn)動靜分區(qū)、公私分區(qū)建筑聲學(xué)層面的優(yōu)化。漂浮的體塊與繁華的城市在物理空間上分隔開,提供了一個寧靜的閱讀環(huán)境,而并不切斷與城市景觀保持的聯(lián)系,使得建筑內(nèi)部不會感到被外部環(huán)境所排斥。

Regarding the program, we divided the hybrid functions of the current Beijing Books Building into three distinct floating volumes for education, books, and offices, arranged hierarchically for privacy and acoustic optimization. The floating block, separated from the bustling city, provides a serene reading environment that remains connected to the urban landscape without feeling excluded.

三個體量通過靈活可變的“介質(zhì)”空間相互連接,包括一個可移動的兒童閱讀區(qū)、一個帶有轉(zhuǎn)動展墻的展覽區(qū)、一座包含咖啡館、酒吧和餐廳的室內(nèi)花園,以及一個在關(guān)閉時作為閱讀區(qū)、開放時作為城市舞臺的充滿活力的劇場。

These volumes are interconnected by flexible in-between spaces, including a movable reading zone for children, a rotatable exhibition area, an indoor garden with a café, bar, and restaurant, and a roll-top area that serves as an ambient reading zone when closed and a vibrant theater soaking in the urban stage when opened.

流線組織與景觀序列


為了內(nèi)部流線的通暢和建筑結(jié)構(gòu)的可行性,我們設(shè)計了四個交通核:三個供公眾使用,一個則分隔出來專供新華出版社的工作人員使用。每個體量之間都由自動扶梯直接連接。從大廳到圖書區(qū)的主要公共路線穿過商業(yè)區(qū)和共享辦公空間。一到這層樓,人們就會看到極具戲劇張力的城市景觀:貝聿銘的中國銀行和西單更新場的綠地通過西側(cè)的玻璃界面仿佛被吸納進內(nèi)部。


For circulation, we designed four cores: three for public use and one isolated for officers. Each floating box is directly linked by escalators. The main public route, from the lobby to the books area, penetrates through the commercial zone and co-working space. Visitors are greeted by theatrical interior scenery once they reached this floor, with views of I.M. Pei’s China Bank and the surrounding greenery.

可持續(xù)技術(shù)策略

我們的像素化鏡面表皮能夠進一步反映了城市的活力。太陽能屋頂和電致變色旋轉(zhuǎn)幕墻確保了最佳的光熱環(huán)境,促進了節(jié)能減排,同時允許建筑內(nèi)的自然陽光和空氣流通。立面和中庭也旨在引入明亮、活潑、舒適的空間,緩解城市的喧囂。

our pixelated mirror fa?ade integrates various activities and further reflects the city's vibrancy. The solar roof and electrochromic rotating curtain walls ensure an optimal light and thermal environment, promoting energy conservation and emission reduction while allowing natural sunlight and air circulation within the building. The fa?ade and atrium also aim to introduce bright, lively, and comfortable spaces, alleviating the city's hustle and bustle.

該項目將BIPV技術(shù)應(yīng)用于中庭,并將電致變色可旋轉(zhuǎn)玻璃面板應(yīng)用于立面。屋頂和立面可以根據(jù)需求以不同的模式運行,以應(yīng)對每天和四季的不同氣候條件,從而顯著降低建筑的暖通空調(diào)能耗。這旨在實現(xiàn)室內(nèi)熱環(huán)境和光環(huán)境的自動調(diào)節(jié)。


The project incorporates BIPV technology for the atrium and electrochromic rotatable glass panels for the facade. The roof and the facade operate in different modes to respond to varying climatic conditions throughout the day and across seasons, significantly reducing the building's HVAC energy consumption. This aims to achieve automatic regulation of the indoor thermal and luminous environment.

效果圖


▲東南側(cè)鳥瞰圖

▲北側(cè)遠景

▲西北側(cè)鳥瞰圖

▲主入口及中庭

▲自劇場望向西側(cè)城市景觀

▲自舞臺望向中庭

▲次入口

▲北側(cè)地下一層入口

▲北側(cè)社區(qū)綠地

▲一層扶梯

▲兒童活動區(qū)

▲圖書露臺

▲室內(nèi)花園東側(cè)

▲室內(nèi)花園中部

▲剖透視圖

總結(jié)

“結(jié)廬在人境”憑借其飄浮的形象、歸類并置的功能體量和靈活混合的介質(zhì)空間給人留下印象。像素化的鏡面表皮能夠回應(yīng)在地氣候條件、提升空間的透明度并加強與城市語境的聯(lián)系。首層平面的完全打開與自然景觀的引入弱化人工造物的邊界,確保建筑與每一個方向的外部空間的滲透。我們通過此項目將傳統(tǒng)的圖書館類型建筑轉(zhuǎn)變?yōu)橐粋€動態(tài)的城市視點,使其與城市環(huán)境的外部空間能量融洽相處。


The project stands out with its floating image, compartmentalized volumes, and flexible, hybrid in-between spaces. The pixelated mirror fa?ade responds to the climate conditions, and enhances transparency and connection with the urban context. The project transforms the library into a dynamic viewpoint and atrium that integrates with the city’s energy and activities.


圖文來源 / 李孟哲、張皓
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